Popular Songs Drugs And Pro Drugs - 981 Words

There are two ways that popular songs portray drugs there are the songs that glorify them and tell the story of the â€Å"party-life† and others tell the â€Å"after-story† that tell of the addiction, of hitting rock-bottom, of how it can ruin your life. More and more of the popular songs are pro-drugs and pro-â€Å"party-life† or they are slyly double sided such as Eminem’s Drug Ballad, songs that tend to be lesser known or less popular tell the story of the addiction, about hitting rock-bottom, and of recovery such as D.L. Downer A.K.A. James Williams’ Suga Boom Boom (Chasing Dragons). Drug Ballad, was released on May 23, 2000 in the album The Marshall Mathers LP (www.sing365.com). Suga Boom Boom (Chasing Dragons) was written and sung by D. L. Downer a.k.a. James Williams and his 16-year-old niece Laleazy was produced as a single by MajorEpic music label and was released on October 26, 2014. Both of these songs are within the rap and hip-hop genre s. When analyzing and comparing and contrasting these two songs we need to consider why one is more popular than the other, why and how has drugs become such a prevalent problem, why are drugs portrayed differently, and how can we help those that are addicted and keep others from becoming addicted themselves. Suga Boom Boom (Chasing Dragons) is a metaphor for James Williams’ life. The song is about a man who was working and trying to stay on the straight and narrow and get his life back together when he was led to do heroin. This caused himShow MoreRelated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Essay1609 Words   |  7 PagesLysergic Acid Diethylamide The late sixties were a time filled with sex, drugs, and rock and roll. A huge part of American culture at the time was focused around these three things. Musicians possessed a tremendous amount of social influence, and like wise, society put a lot of emphasis on the lives and attitudes of musicians. 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Essay about Suffering and Surviving in James Baldwins...

Suffering and Surviving in James Baldwins Sonnys Blues In Sonnys Blues James Baldwin presents an intergenerational portrait of suffering and survival within the sphere of black community and family. The family dynamic in this story strongly impacts how characters respond to their own pain and that of their family members. Examining the central characters, Mama, the older brother, and Sonny, reveals that each assumes or acknowledges anothers burden and pain in order to accept his or her own situation within an oppressive society. Through this sharing each character is able to achieve a more profound understanding of his own suffering and attain a sharper, if more precarious, notion of survival. Mama, as a†¦show more content†¦Mama asked that her strength remain to support the family when she told her older son to watch out for his little brother saying, Im telling you this because you got a brother. And the world aint changed (421). Her older son has difficulty with her legacy because he chooses not to see. Where his mother was vigilant and quick to identify the weak areas in her family, her son is blind to them. The beginning of Sonnys Blues marks an awakening for him. He is faced with a printed truth about Sonnys drug addiction, and suddenly his world is penetrated from all directions. His own grief for the loss of his daughter focuses this new perception. My trouble made his real (429); he needs to reach out to Sonny in order to begin to resolve his own pain. Yet as he narrates the story, it becomes apparent that he has perceived very little along the way. Thoughts like I had never really noticed it before, and strange, suddenly, to watch, though I had been seeing... all my life indicate the surprise that the narrator feels as he encounters his life on a new level (430-431). Eventually he comes to understand more clearly when Sonny says, Its to stand it, to be able to make it at all. On any level (432). However, he must first find a way to listen. Sonnys brother is mired in silence. He a ttempts to shield himself from the realities that make up his existence, but

IT impact on Healthcare Business Samples for †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Does Healthcare Industry needs IT? 2.Why Information Technology is important for Survival in Healthcare Industry? 3.Requirement to implement IT in Healthcare Industry 4.How does Healthcare use IT? 5.How Healthcare maintains and monitor IT? Answers: Introduction Healthcare is a wide industry and consists of various healthcare organizations and healthcare institutions. A large amount of data is stored into files of these healthcare organizations and institutions that must be in organized form and easy to access to all who need it. Files and folders are conventional ways to store information and considered as a time consuming job. Therefore, now Information Technology systems are highly recommended to use in healthcare organizations for better storage and access of data. IT has changed the way of doing work in healthcare organizations by providing them effective and quick IT applications. These applications are effective for better communication and sharing of information to clients and patients who are remote locations. Electronic Healthcare System is already used in various healthcare organizations. Besides this, there are various other benefits of IT in healthcare that we will discuss in detail in next segment of this report (Asian Healthca re Management System, 2017). Discussion As we know about importance of IT in healthcare and in other industries, but still there are some important things to discuss about Information Technology in Healthcare Industry. 1. There is no doubt that with advancement of technology in IT sector, performance of business industries has improved. Overall service of healthcare organizations those are using Information Technology has become quick and delay rate is decreasing. It is a big relief for patients and their relatives who had to spend their valuable time into lining up to the enquiry counters to admit or discharge their patient. But, healthcare organizations that do not deal with IT are facing various problems in patient management and to perform other healthcare activities. Therefore, these healthcare organizations have essential need of Information Technology to manage their regular and important activities. Besides this, to share information online about critical case and communicate with patients or clients who are not local, healthcare information systems must be used (SearchHealthIT, 2017). 2. Today people are educated and understand the importance of Information Technology into business to get quick and appropriate services. Whether it is bank, business organization, universities or colleges or any other workplace, customers want to get online service. Smartphones and Internet have changed the trends to do work. That is why to fulfill requirements of customers, management of information of number of patients and employees and for advancement of healthcare industry, information technology is important. It is also a good way to handle small problems of old patients online rather than their special visit to hospital. It is easier for patients or their relatives to collect their information online when required through emails. Besides this, doctor to doctor conversation for discussing a case or send reports of patient for decision making is also possible with help of Information Technology and its applications. These are some reasons that enhance overall importance of IT i n Healthcare Organizations (CCHIT, 2017). 3. For effective implementation of Information Technology in healthcare, there are some basic requirements need to fulfill. Without fulfilment of these requirements, Information Technology systems cannot work effectively. These requirements are planning, cost, training and installation and hardware and software components of IT systems or applications (Ahrq.gov, 2017). Hardware and Software Components Every Information Technology system needs hardware and software components to perform its functions smoothly and in appropriate way. These components should be of high quality, otherwise system will cause faults into system. Essential hardware components are Hard Drive, Chips, Monitor, Graphic Cards, CPU etc. and software components include system memory, operating system, software solution for managing operating of healthcare organizations and other third party software solutions for security purposes (Unc.edu, 2017). Cost The cost of implementation of Information Technology is based on budget and requirements of healthcare organizations. The estimated budget for implementing IT in a healthcare organization can be $70,000 and ever more (Ortiz and Clancy, 2017). Planning In planning process of IT decision about hardware/software components, required funds for implementing IT, selection of best supplier to get done all these things, is taken. It is most important requirement for better execution of IT. On the behalf of significant planning, feasibility of IT implementation can be estimated (B, 2017). Designing It is responsibility of developers to make a design to implement IT systems or applications in healthcare organization according to its infrastructure (Getreferralmd.com. 2017). It means, connectivity of departments, modes of communication between departments, management and employees and other essential points regarding security and privacy of systems will be considered in designing process of IT systems. It is required for smooth execution of IT applications without error or faults (IT et al., 2017). Installation and Training The configuration or installation of IT applications should be accurate for its long term security. Improper configuration leads to lack of consistency, flexibility and reliability of system. That is why installation process should be done by IT experts. Training is required for those employees of healthcare those belong to non-IT background and have less knowledge to work with IT applications (Layden, 2017). 4. Information Technology is used at internal and external levels in healthcare organizations. At internal level, this system is used by employees to store, insert and modify information of patients, their problems, treatment and payment summary. Besides this, other essential information about healthcare organization is also managed by employees in IT systems. At external level, IT is used by customers to collect information about their patient and billing information. Suppliers use IT systems to know about requirements of medical products by organization to supply those products on time (Buntin et al., 2017). Benefits and Advantages of IT in Healthcare Following are some essential benefits and advantages of IT in Healthcare: It provides an effective channel to communicate with patients and to share an important information with doctors to make decision regarding a particular case (Krueger, 2017). Through IT, it has become easier to perform lengthy tasks in less time and patients are happy with completion of process of admission and discharge of patients without delay. Management of healthcare information through IT applications have become easier. Information Technology provides advanced medical tools for better monitoring of patients disease and to provide treatment accordingly. The tools are MRI machines, CT-Scan and other advanced tools are helpful for doctors to quickly know about patients problem and treat it accordingly (Aims Education, 2017). Risks of IT in Healthcare Business With implementation of IT, some risk factors are also encountered by healthcare organizations. These risk factors are regarding hacking of information from information systems that are used in organizations. It is a cybercrime to violate security and privacy of system. It is happened due to lack of security of systems at developers and users ends. In database of healthcare organizations important information is stored regarding patients, their payments and other essential information of hospital. This information is hacked by hackers and can be misused further for different purposes (Chcf.org, 2017). Another risk is related to insecure network that is used for transferring information by healthcare organizations. Insecure networks are easier to hack and main reason of insecurity of networks is usage of weak algorithms by developers. It is necessary for developers to use appropriate and strong algorithms for developing highly secured network (Aims Education, 2017). 5. To control above discussed risk factors of IT in healthcare organizations, proper monitoring and management is necessary and to achieve this monitoring and security tools should be used. Network monitoring tools such as Wireshark etc. and cryptography should be used at developers end to maintain security of network and information that will be transferred through this network. Besides this, anti-virus, firewall and security patches software should be installed into systems by users to prevent systems from virus or another cyber-attacks. In this way, security and privacy of IT can be maintained in healthcare (Seriousgamesforhealth.com, 2017). Conclusion At last, we conclude that IT is important for healthcare organizations for its better performance, to increase revenue and to provide quick services to patients. But to achieve this, better security and privacy of IT systems is required. In this report we have discussed a lot about benefits, risks and security solutions of IT and that must be taken seriously into considerations by every business organization that wants to deal with Information Technology to get better results from this. References Ahrq.gov. (2017). Health Information Technology Integration | Agency for Healthcare Research Quality. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/prevention-chronic-care/improve/health-it/index.html Aims Education. (2017). What Are the Real Benefits of Technology in Healthcare? Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://www.aimseducation.edu/blog/benefits-of-technology-in-healthcare/ Asian Healthcare Management System. (2017). Role of Information Technology in Medical Science. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://www.asianhhm.com/articles/role-information-technology-medical-sciences Buntin, M., Burke, M., Hoaglin, M. and Blumenthal, D. (2017). The Benefits Of Health Information Technology: A Review Of The Recent Literature Shows Predominantly Positive Results. B, G. (2017). Information technology and today's health care management. - PubMed - NCBI. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10122865 CCHIT. (2017). Benefits of Healthcare Information Technology | CCHIT. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://www.cchit.org/benefits-of-healthcare-information-technology/ Chcf.org. (2017). Measuring the Costs and Benefits of Health Care Information Technology: Six Case Studies. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://www.chcf.org/publications/2004/09/measuring-the-costs-and-benefits-of-health-care-information-technology-six-case-studies Getreferralmd.com. (2017). 5 Unique Benefits of Working in Healthcare. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://getreferralmd.com/2016/07/5-unique-benefits-of-working-in-healthcare/ Healthit.ahrq.gov. (2017). Health IT Costs and Benefits Database | AHRQ National Resource Center; Health Information Technology: Best Practices Transforming Quality, Safety, and Efficiency. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://healthit.ahrq.gov/health-it-tools-and-resources/health-it-costs-and-benefits-database Layden, L., Layden, L. and profile, V. (2017). Health Information Technology Advantages and Disadvantages. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://lindseylayden.blogspot.in/2011/03/health-information-technology.html Ortiz, E. and Clancy, C. (2017). Use of Information Technology to Improve the Quality of Health Care in the United States. Health, D., Reform. (2017). 6 Big Benefits of Applying Automation to Healthcare. Hitconsultant.net. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://hitconsultant.net/2014/07/21/6-big-benefits-of-applying-automation-to-healthcare/ Krueger, A. (2017). 6 Ways Technology Is Improving Healthcare. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.com/6-ways-technology-is-improving-healthcare-2010-12?IR=T SearchHealthIT. (2017). What is Health IT (health information technology)? - Definition from WhatIs.com. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://searchhealthit.techtarget.com/definition/Health-IT-information-technology Seriousgamesforhealth.com. (2017). The Main Benefits of Using ICT in the Health Care Field | Serious Games For Health. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://www.seriousgamesforhealth.com/en/the-main-benefits-of-using-ict-in-the-health-care-field/#undefined Unc.edu. (2017). Benefits of Computer Use in Health Care Systems. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://www.unc.edu/~kmonsalv/comp101/project1/

Why Im Attending College Essays - Startup Cult, Schoolboy Q

Why Im Attending College ?Why I'm Attending College? I'm attending Stockton for a few reasons but I'm ultimately going to college for my future. I want to be successful and rich so I can have all the good things in life. I figure since my rock star career went south, I'll have to hit the books. I'm here at Stockton to attain a degree in business and learn the things I need to become a strong businessman. I enjoy business and want to continue with it for my career. I'd love to be the CEO of some huge corporation some day. I also want the full college experience partying, girls, partying... College gives me something to keep me going. Without it I feel like my job at the car wash is taking me nowhere. I want to be able to have a family without financial stress and worries. I used to think I was going to be a professional basketball player but I'm to short so that didn't really work out the way I planned it. Then I thought I'd be a professional golfer be I'm bored of the sport so I don't want to play anymore. S o finally I decided I'd have to study my way out of a middle class family. I began my college education at a school out in Idaho that I didn't want to be at in the first place. My parents thought that it would be good for me because it was a church school and it would keep me out of trouble. Well I thought differently. I didn't want to be at that school from the beginning, but finally I gave in and agreed to go. I think the only reason I agreed to go was out of respect for my parents and because a friend from home was going to room with me. So I guess originally I was going to college for my parents and my friends. Those are the wrong reasons to be going across country to a school. I didn't want to be going that far in the first place. Our trip took a total of four days on the road. I believe that was the best part. When I got to school I was miserable. I had absolutely no interest in meeting people or having a good time I just wanted to go home and be out of that foreign environmen t. I t seemed like the worst month of my life. It's obvious to see that I didn't make it through that first semester out at Ricks college. It was so bad for me that I had enough and withdrew from school. When I got home, needless to say, my parents were quite upset with me. What I was most worried about was raising the money to pay for tuition myself. That was the rule if I didn't go to a church school I had to pay my own tuition. So I got a job immediately when I got home so I could get the money together in time. It wasn't easy but I'm here attending Stockton. I can say I've worked hard to get here and I don't plan on wasting it. It's going to be easy for me to work hard in school because I'm the one who's paying for it. I'm always doing something now whether it be school or work or going out, because it can't be all work with no play now can it. Besides, I like to go out as much as possible. When I get older I want to have a family without the stress of financial barricades. My e ntire life my parents have been working two or three jobs each just to make ends meet. That's not where I want to be with my future. I want a sense of comfort that no matter what happens I'll have the money to take care of it. I don't exactly need a luxurious lifestyle, but I'd like to partake in a life of nicer cars, extravagant home, and cash in the bank. So after all I guess I would like to have a few dollars. I know that if I want my family to

Correlation Analysis in Sociological Research

Correlation Analysis in Sociological Research Correlation is a term that refers to the strength of a relationship between two variables where a strong, or high, correlation means that two or more variables have a strong relationship with each other while a weak or low correlation means that the variables are hardly related. Correlation analysis is the process of studying the strength of that relationship with available statistical data. Sociologists can use statistical software like SPSS to determine whether a relationship between two variables is present, and how strong it might be, and the statistical process will produce a correlation coefficient that tells you this information. The most widely used type of  correlation coefficient  is the Pearson r. This analysis assumes that the two variables being analyzed are measured on at least  interval scales, meaning they are measured on a range of increasing value. The coefficient is calculated by taking the  covariance  of the two variables and dividing it by the product of their  standard deviations. Understanding the Strength of Correlation Analysis Correlation coefficients can range from -1.00 to 1.00 where a value of -1.00 represents a perfect negative correlation, which means that as the value of one variable increases, the other decreases while a value of 1.00 represents a perfect positive relationship, meaning that as one variable increases in value, so does the other. Values like these signal a perfectly linear relationship between the two variables, so that if you plot the results on a graph it would make a straight line, but a value of 0.00 means that there is no relationship between the variables being tested and would be graphed as separate lines entirely. Take for example the case of the relationship between education and income, which is demonstrated in the accompanying image. This shows that the more education one has, the more money they will earn in their job. Put another way, these data show that education and income are correlated  and that there is a strong positive correlation between the two- as education rises, so too does income, and the same kind of correlation relationship is found between education and wealth as well. The Utility of Statistical Correlation Analyses Statistical analyses like these are useful because they can show us how different trends or patterns within society might be connected, like unemployment and crime, for example; and they can shed light on how experiences and social characteristics shape what happens in a persons life. Correlation analysis lets us say with confidence that a relationship does or does not exist between two different patterns or variables, which allows us to predict the probability of an outcome among the population studied. A recent study of marriage and education found a strong negative correlation between the level  of education and the divorce rate. Data from the National Survey of Family Growth show that  as education level increases among women, the divorce rate for first marriages decreases. Its important to keep in mind, though, that correlation is not the same as causation, so while there exists a strong correlation between education and divorce rate, that does not necessarily mean the decrease in divorce among women is caused by the amount of education received.

Salaries of Canadian Members of Parliament 2015-16

Salaries of Canadian Members of Parliament 2015-16 The salaries of Canadian members of parliament (MPs) are adjusted on April 1 each year. Increases to MPs salaries are based on an index of base-wage increases from major settlements of private-sector bargaining units maintained by the Labour Program in the federal Department of Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC). The Board of Internal Economy, the committee which handles the administration of the House of Commons, does not have to accept the index recommendation. On occasions in the past, the Board has put a freeze on MP salaries. In 2015, the MP salary increase was significantly more than what the government offered in negotiations with the public service. For 2015-16, the salaries of Canadian members of parliament increased by 2.3 percent. The bonuses that members of parliament receive for extra duties, for example being a cabinet minister or chairing a standing committee, were also increased. The increase also affects severance and pension payments for MPs leaving politics in 2015, which, as an election year, will be larger  than normal. Base Salary of Members of Parliament All members of parliament now make a basic salary of $167,400, up from $163,700 in 2014. Extra Compensation for Additional Responsibilities MPs who have extra responsibilities, such as the Prime Minister, Speaker of the House, Leader of the Opposition, cabinet ministers, ministers of state, leaders of other parties, parliamentary secretaries, party house leaders, caucus chairs and chairs of House of Commons committees, receive additional compensation as follows: Title Additional Salary Total Salary Member of Parliament $167,400 Prime Minister* $167,400 $334,800 Speaker* $ 80,100 $247,500 Leader of the Opposition* $ 80,100 $247,500 Cabinet Minister* $ 80,100 $247,500 Minister of State $ 60,000 $227,400 Leaders of Other Parties $ 56,800 $224,200 Government Whip $ 30,000 $197,400 Opposition Whip $ 30,000 $197,400 Other Party Whips $ 11,700 $179,100 Parliamentary Secretaries $ 16,600 $184,000 Chair of Standing Committee $ 11,700 $179,100 Caucus Chair - Government $ 11,700 $179,100 Caucus Chair - Official Opposition $ 11,700 $179,100 Caucus Chairs - Other Parties $ 5,900 $173,300 *The Prime Minister, Speaker of the House, Leader of the Opposition and  Cabinet Ministers  also get a car allowance. House of Commons Administration The Board of Internal Economy handles the finances and administration of the Canadian House of Commons. The board is chaired by the Speaker of the House of Commons and includes representatives of the government and official parties (those with at least 12 seats in the House.) All of its meetings are held in camera (a legal term meaning in private) to allow for full and frank exchanges. The Members Allowances and Services Manual  is a useful source of information on House budgets, allowances, and entitlements for MPs and House Officers. It includes insurance plans available to MPs, their office budgets by constituency, the House of Commons rules on travel expenses, rules on mailing householders and 10-percenters, and the cost of using the members gym (annual $100 personal expense including HST for MP and spouse). The Board of Internal Economy also publishes quarterly summaries of MP expense reports, known as  Members Expenditures Reports, within three months of the end of the quarter.

Human resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

Human resource management - Essay Example Trade unions were primarily initiated in Europe rather it became popular in many other countries during industrial revolution. Moreover, a trade union may be of varied forms such as house union, company union, general union, industrial union and craft union among others (BIS, n.d.). The trade unions of the United Kingdom were initially decriminalised beneath the suggestion of the ‘Royal Commission’ in the year 1867. It approved that the establishment of these trade unions is for the benefit of both employers and workers. Development of trade unions is to promote the rights and visions of the labours in order to offer them a good living standard along with wage. Trade union maovement is a planned and controlled attempt of the workers of an organization to augment their living status and remuneration with the help of collective activities along with leaders and management. It is a type of socio-economic reform of the living conditions for the workers of British industries. Along with the fundamental rights of the labours against the management, the trade union movements are also attempted to locate requisite leaders, who might represent the labour commitee in the near future. Thus, from the above discussion, it is apprent that labour or trade unions play an important role in resolving the conflicts in between the employers and employees (Centrepiece, 2005). The report mainly highlights the benefits and the influences of trade unions on the labours or workers working in the industries of the United Kingdom. Along with this, it also specifies the human resource aspects and the current market trends of trade unions. Apart from these, the paper also includes the various strategies which should be implemented by UNITE trade union in order to attract increased memebership towards it, thereby enhancing its image among others in the

History of Cities and their Architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

History of Cities and their Architecture - Essay Example Philip Johnson developed one of the chairs for his collection. Mies van der Rohe designed Barcelona Pavilion, which was developed from German Pavilion, during international exposition that was in Barcelona Spain. It was constructed with the aim of demonstrating modern movement of architecture of the world (Curtis, 2008). The building was originally named a Germany pavilion, as it was the expression of Germany after the First World War to indicate the culture of the country that is still rooted in the classical history. The pavilion was built with an aim of hosting King Alphonso XIII of Spain and officials from Germany during the time of exposition (Curtis, 2008). As compared to other buildings at the exposition, Mies understood that work he did as just a building and he did not aim in housing art or any sculpture. The building was just designed to place tranquility and escape from exposition, which was then to transform the pavilion into an inhabitable statue. By raising the pavilion on a plinth in conjunction with the narrow profile of the site, the Barcelona Pavilion has a low horizontal orientation that is accentuated by the low flat roof that appears to float over both the interior as well as the exterior. The furniture of the building also exhibits the duality of modernism and classicism. The now iconic Barcelona chair and ottoman were designed specifically for the Barcelona Pavilion. The Barcelona building served as a reception place for the King and Queen of Spain. After the exhibition in which the pavilion intended was closed, the resembling of the pavilion was in 1930. As time went, the pavilion became a key point not only to Mies but also to other architectures that operated in the 20th century. In 1980, there was setting of project by Oriol Bohigas who was the head of planning department to ensure that there was

The childrens hospital impatient pharmacy Essay Example for Free

The childrens hospital impatient pharmacy Essay My next site visit was in the childrens hospital impatient pharmacy . It was so exciting for me since it was my first hospital visit . It was so exciting to experience a different type of pharmacy practice since I am considering that my future job be at a hospital pharmacy. I showed more interest here compared to the other practices that I have attended. I started my first visit to the site on the 13th which is a Thursday. The first day, I was taken by my GPS to a totally different address. Lucky for me that I exited the school a little sooner than usual so I had enough time to look for the hospital. It was not fun looking for the right way to the hospital fro m my lost location especially that I am not a good driver under stress. To put the story, I got to my site visi on time. Thank God! It was totally new work, yes—I mean the hospital . Wow! All the doors to the pharmacy needs a special pass code. After I entered the pharmacy, I introduced myself with the preceptor who was not the same person that was introduced to me from the school. She explained how the whole fully automated pharmacy system functions. I should admit that I did not understand half of the things she said. It was like I was in a totally new world. A world that is half free of human help—distributing medication was through the help of an automated machine. My preceptor introduced me with the staff in the pharmacy. It was such a big pharmacy that was combined with parental and compounding pharmacy which provided the need of the hospital for any medication . Karen, my preceptor showed me the actual work around the pharmacy. She explained to me the system of drug delivery around the hospital. For each section of the hospital, a machine for dispensing drugs is mounted. It is equipped with a computer that is accessible for all hospital personnel. The pharmacist would enter the prescription on the computer system and the nurse would get the medication directly from the machine. This machine, the Medline also allow the nurse to return the medication if necessary. These machine are being refilled by the technicians 2 times every 24 hours. The pharmacy also designed a delivery tube that could deliver the prescription to and from any place in hospital. The delivery system is fast, free and accurate. After my brief introduction to the hospital and the medication delivery system, my preceptor assigned me to look for the expired medicines from the stock. It was much more medication than what the other pharmacies have on their shelves. I basically spent the rest of my first visit and second visit identifying the expired medication. It allowed me to see the individual medication through my own eyes and it helped me learn faster. On my third day, I was introduce to the out patient pharmacy of the hospital. It runs basically the same way as any other retail pharmacy that provided the out patient with their medication. It was so interesting for me to try different types of pharmacy experience. I always pictured myself with a pharmacy where the technicians count the pills and the pharmacists that check them. But now, I could see a whole new feature. A feature that is faster and a lot more accurate in dispensing medication. The best system that I experienced in this hospital would be the feature of the pharmacy . Looking at the whole system one more time, this system could be convenient for city .The automated dispensing machine replaces the retail stores.

Recommendation Letter Essay examples -- Letter of Recommendation

As an upright Police officer and upholder of the law, I am of the opinion that above everything else, success demands hard work, grit and persistence to go into its making. It is this quality that I see uppermost in Ron Geis, a remarkable individual who has battled the odds to come as far as he has in life and I am of the conviction that he is marked for further success. From circumstances of adversity, Ron has single-handedly pursued his dreams. An excellent sportsman during his school years, I have been associated with him in taking forward his sporting career since then. However, it was not long before I realized that his interests did not lie in the field of sports and that he wished to pursue a mainstream academic career. Ron educated himself while simultaneously taking up em...

A Research On Baby Boomer

The term baby boomer refers to the period between 1946 and the early part of the 1960s, after the World War 2, where there are high rate of childbirth. During this period, there was baby boom. The incidence of child control through pill was not yet in vogue at this period. Following the great devastating impact of the WW2 on countries populations, the need increase the populations size was encouraged by government of countries and family clans. This results in the boom of childbirth. Thus, the demographic statistics of countries continued to be on the increase during this period.The decline of child birth through birth control pills and other contraceptives brought to the end of the period of baby boomer. In United States, contraceptive pills were introduced during 1965. and this period is regularly referenced as the period of the end of baby boom. The baby boomer term has being applied to marketing conceptualization. There is a group of characters with similar attitude and age grade refers to as baby boomer. In his book ‘Marketing to Leading-Edge Baby Boomers’, Brent Green (2003) conceptualize baby boomers as those born in the period between 1946 and 1955 who have a generational cohort or unit that is self defining.They conceive themselves as those born at the height of the Vietnam war. The second grouping of baby boomer according to Green is those conceived in the mid 1950s to the mid 1960s. Thus, from this classification we can group the baby boomers into older boomers , and those that are described as the younger boomers. The demographic of this group he termed as trailing-edge boomers. Thus, 77 million of baby boomers formed the first mass market for advertisers to grab their professional prowess in the American market. As consumers, baby boomers behave like kids, preferring to watch television shows, buying baby foods like cereals for breakfast.They also posses adult characteristics which sees them setting trends. The aging of baby boomers in their 50s and 60s provides marketers new opportunity into creating products to satisfy these peculiar consumers through adequate market segmentation analysis and planning. WHAT DO THE BABY BOOMER WANT IN CLOTHING There are diverse group forming the baby boomers; however, they share some similar characteristics when it comes to taste for clothing, and the choice of satisfaction derived from consuming specific products.The 78 million baby boomers still have a great dominance on the U. S. market. Marketers and retailers have being accused in treating this group as homogenous; sharing same preferences and taste. Researches has shown that baby boomers have different taste for their clothing, from those of other generation breeds. The difference lies in the preference for qualities of cloth comfort, value, and quality, authentic products and ethnic materials. The baby boomers have more interest for fashionable clothing material.According to a survey conducted to see the difference betwee n baby boomers and other general taste for clothing, all respondents placed high importance on fair trade philosophy that has to do with wages, workplace, and their environment. On the other hand, the generational cohorts (baby Boomers) have more inclination towards wearing ethnic attire, which forms their main intension to buy from the fair (Littrel et al, 2005, pg 407). Furthermore, baby boomers have move value for clothing details in order to generate information that has to do with the cloth relativity to comfort, value and quality.The female baby bombers are showing more signs and preference for selecting and choosing their clothing than generations before them. They prefer to select garment based on the style and ethnic attire. They then rate the clothing material to enable them get the best satisfaction from utilizing this cloth. However, it has being argued in recent researches that there is a declining rate in baby boomers for garment, in recent years, however, their prefer ence for denim jeans still remain unchanged.Furthermore, the baby boomers are now declining their interest in shopping for apparel from the stores, as they are now increasing their interest in electronic cloth buying. THE PRODUCTS THE BABY BOOMERS WOULD WANT AND PREFER TO SPEND THEIR MONEY ON. The baby Boomers are now aging, where the youngest among these generational cohorts are in their 50s. Thus, as elderly they would need pharmaceutical products to keep them fit and healthy. This older generational group would need to consume more nutritional supplements products that would argument their feeding habit. Many pharmaceutical companies in U.S. see this generational group as a potential market to sell their nutritional and supplements products and drugs. As this group like to remain young and avoid aging they would require more of nutritional products and this food supplements to keep them healthy and young. Furthermore, the baby boomers that are now in their elderly age would be in need of thick attire that would keep them warm during period of winter and heavy snowfalls. In their eating habit in additional to the nutritional food supplement, they would be need less of fatty and protein food, but more of vitamins.Thus, they would need more of vegetables, white meat, and fish. They will want food that will aid them in maintaining their gene and DNA. Though they do not like stereotyping and aging, thus organization would have to be extra careful not to be caught arousing the other side of this group. The housing preference for this group of people would be in a quite locality with more gardens and natural settings. The countryside would be more of a better place for recreation for this category of people than taking them to Las Vegas and New York to view noisy and hotspot centres.This group would also be spending their more on artificial aids like artificial hips and knees to help them with weakness in joints and knees. Thus, these artificial aids market would be having more boom has this aging group continue to count more years to their age. The baby boomers would also like to spend their money more on products that would aid them to fight aging. Thus, anti-aging products would be a market target for these generational cohorts. Unilever Plans For Capitalising On Baby Boomers Unilever is a multinational corporation with well-established branches in US, Europe Africa and other continents.It products ranges from confectionaries, fast foods, beverages, noodles etc. Unilever products are made for both the old and the younger. In the company quest to provide effective products that would satisfy the baby boomers, it has researched on the shopping pattern of this group. The study had baffled other executive why Unilever is studying the shopping pattern of this group. The research and study of Unilever on this group has made it discovered that the average baby boomer seems to have a hearing aid fixed into their ears than they would prefer an ipo d earpiece.Thus, the company is seeking for way to manufacture product that would adequately satisfy this group, and at the same time capitalizing on the opportunities that is untapped with this population This pattern adopted by Unilever has reawakened the need for other organizations to study this group and develop products to meet their needs. Unilever invested more on researches and have planned to re-brand their products with the view of having foresight to satisfy consumers’ wants. This strategy it has adopted for the baby boomers. McDonald Company Plans on Capitalizing on this PopulationMcDonalds is a world fast food organization with branches and franchised centres in every continent in the world. The company have also developed plans for the elderly group constituting the baby boomers. The company sees the financial and investment prowess of able businesspersons and entrepreneurs in baby boomers. Thus, it has opened up a portal in its website to encourage and direct baby boomers on ways to get franchise in establishing outlets with McDonald’s company name. McDonalds know that these are mostly retired executives, and thus have accumulated enough retirement funds to enable them buy franchised.Thus, by opening this portal (America’s Best Frachises) in its website it has made it each for baby boomers to know the steps to follow in acquiring franchise from the company. Furthermore, McDonalds has entered into partnership with Guidant Financial Systems in order to make the financial process for the franchising easy and smooth. Furthermore, McDonalds in 2000 invested $1. 8 billion to open 800 new outlets in its plans to attract patrons beyond young people to designing program that would be adequate and appealing to baby boomers.Thus, the company took an holistic approach in making sure every category of its customers including baby boomers are adequately cared for and attracted to its interior and external features in every of its restaur ants. REFERENCES Brent Green (2003) Marketing to Leading-Edge Baby Boomers. New York: Writers Advantage Littrell, Mary A. , et al (2005) â€Å"Generation X, baby Boomers, and Swing: marketing Fair Trade Apparel† Vol. 9 Number 4. Thompson Anne (2005), â€Å"Baby Boomers Create New marketing Frontiers† in NBC News, March 16.

Case Study of Calyx & Corolla Essay

Calyx and Corolla is a company that can be considered a big success. It is a company that has beaten competition and has managed to curve their way into huge profits. Located in spacious offices in San Francisco gives the company added advantage as they have a centralized decision making unit. The company deals with the delivery of flowers from growers to customers by mail. This was a new invention that contributed much to the success of the company. The simplicity of their model of business was the role they played in the flowers transaction. The company only acted as a facilitator to enable growers reach customers directly. The report is an analysis of the various marketing strategies employed by the company in the course of their business and how those strategies worked. It is an evaluation of exactly how the 4Ps and 3Cs approaches were employed. It is also an evaluation of the strategies employed by the company to attract and retain customers in an otherwise flooded flower market. The paper ends with some recommendations on the future of the company particularly how to formulate a strategy to accommodate the expanded business. The paper presents the options available for the company and the capacity each option has to the company. The 4Ps model simply is a marketing strategy that strikes a balance between products, price, promotion and the place in which the business is located. On the other end the 3Cs model provide customers with choice, convenience and control to enable them enjoy the company’s products or services. Finding the right balance between all the above factors constitutes on effective marketing strategy. The companies that have managed to find this balance have managed to penetrate tight markets while competitors stagnate. A powerful marketing plan not only gains a larger share but it also gains loyalty of customers (Baker, 2003). Products are the basic units that form a company’s basis for operation. The products that a company produces have to be needed by the customers. If companies produce unnecessary goods, they would not have the means of recovering the costs involved. As entrepreneurs evaluate the businesses to engage in, they should do so based on market information. The Calyx and Corolla Company had gathered enough market data and identified customer trends. The product they chose to deal with, flowers, was one needed by customers. The company had also identified who their target segments were. In dealing with a product that expressed peoples’ emotions, the company managed to draw huge customer base (Baker, 2003).. A product can be released that customers need. But it is not until the awareness is raised that customers would gain interest in it and evaluate it with others in the market. Promotions are therefore necessary and should be targeted at the customer base the company has identified. Promotions should be centered on customer satisfaction rather than product selling. Calyx and Corolla Company run many advertisements on televisions, print media including magazines running promotions, and point of sale marketing. In their advertisements, they made customers fell that their needs had been met. They not only provided customers with flowers but they also vases to put in. The promotions covered well the entire market they intended to reach especially the European market. Customers will always go for the cheap products in the market if the utility is the same for costly ones. Customers are also willing to go for slightly costly products if they believe the goods or services are of higher quality. The business model employed by Calyx and Corolla of linking customers with flower growers enabled them to lower the costs of delivery. The company therefore offered customers cheaper products whose quality superceded that in the market. This enabled the company to gain more customers. The strategy by the company involved gaining customer royalty and expanding market share. Their price strategy worked for them evidenced by the huge sales they managed to make in just a short time. Another key factor considered for effective marketing of products is the location of the company. Location eases a company’s access to suppliers to facilitate the delivery of goods and other raw materials needed. Location is also important in enabling the company to reach their customers faster. The distributions channels of the company can only be effective if there is a central place where both suppliers and customers can operate. Calyx & Corolla Company is strategically placed in San Francisco, a place where customers hare a high demand for flowers. San Francisco is well served by the major airlines making provision of flowers and other commodities not only cheaper but also convenient. The company has spacious premises on which a warehouse has been built. The warehouse offers the company with temporally storage of products, which further reduces costs. Customers often avoid products or services that deny them the flexibility they need. They insist on having varieties to choose from. Customers are attracted more by those products that not only satisfy their immediate need but also offer more. This is the case when customers evaluate the value of the products more than the price. Calyx & Corolla Company managed to diversify their products. They not only dealt with facilitating delivery of flowers from growers to customers but also provided flower vases to the customers as a value addition strategy. The vases were offered at competitive prices, which were almost negligible for the customers. The customers were more persuaded into buying the flower vases since they had been saved the hustles of going to purchase flower vases from some other vendors. The customer care department of the calyx & corolla company was very effective in handling customer queries and complaints. The company increased workers in this department to cater for the many customers who streamed in at the peak seasons. This increased the effectiveness of the company. The company therefore succeeded in offering the necessary convenience customers sought and thus were able to move ahead of the competitors. In a company dealing with products selling or delivery as Calyx & Corolla Company dealt, customers require deals which give them power to determine what they need. As customers choose, they enjoy having control to dictate what they need. The customers in the Calyx & Corolla case, customers have control to order for certain specifications for their products. The company, by linking customers with growers, has enabled customers to identify with these growers. There are however challenges that have risen from this expansion of business. Customers have increased and complaints have increased too. The company is left with the option of hiring more workers, which in effect would be counterproductive during the low seasons. For the company to effectively compete with other international flower firms, they must consider expanding their business operations to Europe. Market research has shown that Europeans have a higher liking for flowers than the Americans. The company should therefore consider opening a branch in Europe to capture the lucrative business there.

Theres A Style Guide for That

Theres A Style Guide for That There’s A Style Guide for That There’s A Style Guide for That By Maeve Maddox Authors who specialize in one field of knowledge are sometimes unaware of style guides used in other areas. In writing for DWT, I mostly rely on these three style guides: The Chicago Manual of Style The AP Stylebook Penguin Writer’s Manual Chicago is directed at a broad audience that includes both scholars and entrepreneurs. AP is targeted specifically to journalists. CMOS and AP recommendations don’t often differ, but when they do, the differences sometimes reflect an interesting divide between scholarly and popular usage. I trust the Penguin reference guides to point me to differences between American and British usage. When wearing my academic hat, I regard the MLA Handbook (published by the Modern Language Association) as my style bible. These are my preferred guides because I write chiefly about standard usage and literature. Not all disciplines process and present information in exactly the same way. Authors who write about other subjects–sociology, science, and mathematics, for example–look to other guides. Here’s a sampling of instructions in authors’ guidelines for just four specialized journals, each recommending different guides: Journal of Aging and Physical Activity Manuscripts that do not conform to APA guidelinesmay be rejected without review. Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation References must conform to the format printed in the journal and must include titles. The article should conform to the usual ACS format. Sociological Theory In general, please refer to the ASA Style Guide (4th edition) for style and formatting guidelines. Manuscripts that do not conform to the desired format will be returned to the author for rectification. Amyloid: Journal of Protein Folding Disorders [This journal] conforms to the CSE style guidelines, using the NLM style for references. What the initials mean: APA: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association APA format  is the official style of the American Psychological Association and is generally used for writing about research in psychology, education, and social sciences. ACS: The ACS Style Guide: Effective Communication of Scientific Information Published by the American Chemical Society, ACS style is followed by writers and reviewers of scientific manuscripts. ASA: American Sociological Association Style Guide Similar to APA, ASA is also used by writers about sociology and related fields. CSE: Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers Developed by the Council of Science Editors (CSE), this guide is used by writers in all areas of the sciences. NLM: Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers This guide is published by the National Library of Medicine to provide instructions and examples for formatting citations of published and unpublished material, both printed and digital. Other guides for other areas of specialization also exist. Of the guides mentioned here, MLA and APA are probably the best known because high school students and college undergraduates are most likely to be required to use one of them for their research papers. I’ll discuss the differences between them in another post. Related: 5 Online Style Guides Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Definitely use "the" or "a"Rules for Capitalization in TitlesPlurals of Proper Names

Everything Changes Too Fast to Worry About It All Right Now

Everything Changes Too Fast to Worry About It All Right Now I received yet another email telling me how online promotion has changed. A message telling me how I need yet another podcast, book, or blog series about how to sell my book differently in order to do well. I deleted it. And Ill continue to delete them. . . for now. Because right now Im writing. Im into Chapter 8 for one book, and Chapter 6 in another. (Yes, for some strange reason Ive tackled two books at once.) I lay my head on the pillow at night purposefully with a scene in my mind so that my subconscious  will work out the kinks. I often pop awake with ideas. Or maybe I dont, but when I sit to write, more ideas still happen to flow. But study now about how to market a book that isnt close to being published? Nope. Delete. Delete. Delete. But were supposed to be marketing around the clock, if you read the gurus online. I swear there are more gurus than there are novelists. But Im deep into plot, sculpting dialogue, infusing the senses and depth into character. . . honing the twists. Im making magic. I have no time for lessons on becoming a salesman. No, Im not procrastinating. Really, Im not. Im making a conscious decision to conserve and preserve my talent and energies for the story. We learn a new language best from immersion into the culture. Where everyone and everything around us is about that language, and we are forced to adopt it, embrace it, and become fluent in it. Which doesnt happen when we are half one language and half another. Besides, per the emails I received just today, in reading just the subject headers before I deleted them, apparently Amazon Marketing has changed, BookBub marketing came up with new methods, and Facebook Advertising takes a new sort of deft hand to not lose your shirt. So why worry about marketing now when it will become a different animal Sometimes you just write.

Article project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Project - Article Example The additional hiring of 80,000 workers last month is miniscule as this job gain only just keeps pace with population growth. The gain has done little to trim down the backlog of 14 million unemployed workers, avers the article. $787 billion stimulus package: The author has linked the failure of the stimulus package, announced by the U.S government at the peak of recession to the diminished chances of Barack Obama being reelected as the President of United States. 9% unemployment rate: The rate of unemployment in the United States has been hovering around the 9% mark for most part of this year now. The author compares the present rate of joblessness to the 4.6 % unemployment rate that was prevailing in the country a year before the recession began. The comparison illustrates that reaching the pre-recession glory is still a far cry for the United States. 39.4 weeks: Average time spent looking for a job: The article brings to light the difficult time the unemployed in the country are facing. The average time that an unemployed worker pounded the pavement touched 39.4 weeks in October, pretty close to the peak of 40.5 weeks recorded in September. The article suggests that the longer a person remains out of job, the more difficult it gets, for varied reasons, for that person to land a job. 34.3 hours: Average length of workweek: There has been no change in the length of the average workweek for a year now, reveals the article. The statistic remained at 34.3 hours in October as well. The author argues that companies invariably extend the workweek and make the present employees work longer before going in for fresh hiring. Therefore, a stagnant workweek does not bode well for job growth in the United States. The news article successfully integrates all information and apprises the reader why the threat of a double dip recession still looms large. There appears no bias in the article as it also refers to the positive indicators like

Management Affairs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Affairs - Essay Example Their wedding is a huge event, anything related to this event also becomes famous. Their wedding cake is no exception. As soon as the couple ‘accepts’ the offer, an agreement is made between two parties to the contract. The legally binding contract is made as soon as the acceptance of the offer is made. The offer will be accepted by Choc Delux as soon as Kim is done negotiating with the company about the cake. Everything that the company communicates to the other party (Kim and Kanye) will become part of their contract agreement. They will be bound by the English law to abide by the agreement as diligently and prudently possible. There is a slight exception about enforceability of the contract; promises made in social/casual agreements are generally not enforceable under the UK Contract Law. However, this case is not social or casual. This is a business and given the magnanimity of the event also binds the two parties in certain obligations. For instance, in general circ umstances cancelling an order such as wedding cake would not be much news. This case is different as it will be a breach of agreement since it will be a huge loss to the Choc Delux Company if they lose the spot of providing cake for the big wedding. In case Kim breaches her agreement with the company she will be liable to pay the damages (the claim) from Choc Delux. The contract also states that Choc Delux is the sole provider of the wedding cake which means that if Kim and Kanye buy other cakes for their wedding then they will be in breach of the contract and will have to pay the claim in damages to the company. In case the breach happens from the couple’s side the company will see fit as to what kind of amount it seeks in damages. If the couple agrees to pay the exact amount (or any other form of compensation that the company sees fit) then the matter will be resolved. If the couple challenges the claim then they will have to settle it among themselves through

Evaluation of the Company's Strategy Coursework - 2

Evaluation of the Company's Strategy - Coursework Example The well connected digital world has become the birth place of various trends of globalization, which has continued to emerge from various developed as well as emerging markets. Because of the process of globalization, demands for new products and services are being formed in the markets all over the world. The demands of new kinds of products and services in the global markets are resulting in the generation of multiple business opportunities. Companies around the world are increasingly moving to the new markets to tap the new business opportunities and thereby attend significant growth in their business. This particular assignment focuses on Tesco which is the major retailer in the UK market. The assignment discusses about the evaluation of the strategy of Tesco in the current times, from the angle of sustainability. Introduction The emergence and rapid development of technology has brought in a major change in the competition dynamics existing in any market around the world. The n ew technology has triggered the rise of new trends of globalization, which has automatically increased the flow of knowledge in the global markets. ... As a result of market entry by numerous international firms, the level of competitions in the global markets has gone up significantly. Also, the rise of competition in the markets all around the world has resulted in the process of increase of choice of alternatives for the consumers, thereby increasing the buyer’s power. In this case, the focus is on the UK based retailer Tesco. The UK based retailer Tesco has presence in around 12 markets and has team strength of more than 530,000 people (Tesco -1, 2013). The core purpose of Tesco is to make things better in an integrated manner. The values of the company can be linked to high dedication towards the customers, equal treatment along with the focus on achieving growth through creation of opportunities and values for the various stakeholders (Tesco-2, 2013). In this case, the company is looking forward to develop a sustainable strategy while significantly evaluating the currently existing strategy of the company. Analysis and critical evaluation of Tesco’s strategic position In focusing on the critical evaluation of the strategic position of Tesco, it can be stated that the company in the current times has presence in various continents like US, UK, Europe and Asia. The UK based retailer has presence in multiple countries around the world which includes UK, US, Lotus, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Kipa, Ireland, Korea, Malaysia, China and India (Tesco -3, 2013). The portfolio of the company comprises of grocery, food, electronics, financial services, clothing, furniture, retailing of books, internet services, software, music downloads and DVD rental. The company’s growing market share and a strong presence in the

Circumstances under which monopolies can benefit the consumer

Circumstances under which monopolies can benefit the consumer Competition policies are set against monopolies in general. Explain why this statement is true. Are there any circumstances under which monopolies can benefit the consumer? A monopoly is a situation in which a single company owns all or nearly all of the market for a given type of product or service. This would happen in the case that there is a barrier to entry into the industry that allows the single company to operate without competition (for example, vast economies of scale, barriers to entry, or governmental regulation). In such an industry structure, the producer will often produce a volume that is less than the amount which would maximize social welfare. The EU Competition Commission is in charge of monitoring abuse of market dominance by monopolies, and follows the Treaty establishing the European Community: Article 82 of the Treaty establishing the European Community is an anti-monopoly instrument. It outlaws any abuse by one or more undertakings of a dominant position within the common market or in a substantial part of it in so far as it may affect the trade between Member States. Dominant position here means concentration or monopoly power which enables the firm or firms to influence, by independent action as a buyer or a seller, the outcome of the market. However, the article doesnt define what size of market share constitutes a dominant position, as this can vary from product to product. The emphasis isnt on the existence of a dominant position but rather on the abuse of power, primarily in trade between member states. Dominant enterprises are stopped from committing price discrimination in their interstate purchases or sales. Microsoft is often at the forefront of monopoly investigations: In December 1998, Sun Microsystems, another US company, complained that Microsoft had refused to provide information necessary for Sun to be able to develop products that would be able to interface with Windows PCs, so be able to compete on an equal footing in the market for work group server operating systems. The Commissions investigation revealed that Sun was not the only company that had been refused this information, and that these non-disclosures by Microsoft were part of a broader strategy designed to shut competitors out of the market. In 2000, the Commission also began to investigate the effect of Microsofts tying of another product, windows media player, to its operating system. This left other media player firms unable to compete. In 2004, after a 5-year-investigation, the European Commission concluded that the Microsoft Corporation broke European Union competition law by abusing its near monopoly in the market for PC operating systems and for media players. Microsoft had to disclose information to allow other firms to interface with the windows operating system. They were also fined à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 497 million for abusing its market power in the EU. In February 2008 the EU fined Microsoft a further à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬899 million for abusing its dominance of the market. *(skim over dont say all)* This diagram shows the effect of a monopoly on an economy; you can see that consumers are left worse off through the loss of consumer surplus. Policies are set against monopolies in general because of the market failure that Monopolies cause: Monopolies have large barriers to entry which prevent other firms being able to enter the market; this enables them to abuse their market dominance and set prices higher than the market equilibrium. If the product is price inelastic as there are no alternatives too it (such as the motor industry), then the customer has no choice but to pay the higher prices, thus consumers are worse off. They are able to charge Predatory prices which is when the firm sets artificially low prices which competitors arent able to compete with. Monopolies have less incentive to create good products because the customers have little or no alternative to that product. Compared to a normal market structure, a monopoly market skews most of the positive externalities to the producer rather than the consumer. Certain forms or cooperation agreements between enterprises, which are considered beneficial for the consumers by improving production, distribution or technical progress, are deemed not to restrict competition and therefore they are exempted. Cross-border concentrations of community interest, regardless of whether they are brought about by agreement or by takeovers, are also exempted There are a number of potential benefits of monopolies: Its possible that monopoly firms can be efficient: An argument popular with economists of the Austrian School of Economics is that firms who gain monopoly power are invariably successful, innovative and efficient. e.g. Google have monopoly power but who can do it any better? Stimulating Innovation and Investment with Patents: The most obvious field where monopolies benefit society in a great way is that of patents. Patents give inventors the exclusive rights to market their inventions for twenty years, after which these inventions turn into public property. In other words, patents give these inventors the right to keep a monopoly for twenty years. Monopolies are so important in this context because if they did not exist, an inventor would probably not receive any financial compensation for his or her work, since the imitators would steal it and flood the market with copied stuff, making the price collapse along with them. As a result, in a world without patents, a lot less people would invest their time, effort and money required to achieve new things. In order to remedy this situation, the nations all around the world offer inventors monopolies on patents. The result is much quicker innovation; an economic growth much more accelerated and at quicker speeds in the lifestyles. In truth, it is difficult to think about a more beneficial monopoly from the social view of patents. Monopoly and Economies of Scale If long-run average total cost (LRATC) declines over an extended range of output, it is argued that it is better to have a few large firms (and in the extreme case, only one firm). This is known as the natural monopoly argument. Because monopoly producers are often supplying goods and services on a very large scale, they may be better placed to take advantage of economies of scale leading to a fall in the average total costs of production. These reductions in costs will lead to an increase in monopoly profits but some of the gains in productive efficiency might be passed onto consumers in the form of lower prices. The effect of economies of scale is shown in the diagram. Examples of Natural Monopolies include public utilities such as water services and electricity. It is very expensive to build transmission networks (water/gas pipelines, electricity and telephone lines), therefore it is unlikely that a potential competitor would be willing to make the capital investment needed to even enter the monopolists market. Conclusion: Competition policies can be seen as generally set against monopolies, as monopolies can be such obstructions to competition, so the Competition Commission is going to have a lot of focus on managing monopolies; making sure they dont abuse their position. Though, Monopolies arent necessarily all bad as natural monopolies can be the most effective market structure, benefiting both the firm and the consumer. However Competition Policies arent only set against monopolies, as they also have a big focus on aspects such as Mergers, takeovers and collusions of firms like cartels.

Death and Humor in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essa

Death and Humor in Huckleberry Finn      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Huckleberry Finn can be read as a boy's adventure novel, as a work of serious literature, as a humorous historical account, as biting social satire . . . I'm sure I could go on.   This is a book that has delighted generations of readers - it's rollingly funny, rife with adventure - and hopelessly morbid.   That's right.   I read Huckleberry Finn and it made me think of death.   The novel has a strange way of dealing with death.   There's a pretty high body count, yet each individual demise becomes an opportunity for high comedy.   We laugh, and the novel will laugh with us.   But it won't cry.   Perhaps this was a nod to time and place.   As far as the poetry of the time suggests, life in America in the late nineteenth century was not exactly cheerful.  Ã‚   Take this poem, published less than a year before Huckleberry Finn, as just one example:    When I am gone - Say!   Will the glad wind wander, wander on;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Stooping with tenderest touches, yet   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With frolic care beset, Lifting the long gray rushes, where the Stream   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And I so idly dream?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I feel its soft caress; The toying of its wild-wood tenderness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On brow and lips and eyes and hair,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As if through love aware   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   That days must come when no fond wind shall creep   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Down where my heart's asleep! Hast thou a sympathy, A soul, O wandering Wind, that thou dost sigh? Or is't the heart within us still That aches for good or ill, And deems that Nature whispers, when alone Our inner Self makes moan? "Longing", by Wi... ...ems, amongst others, by Walter Blair's Mark Twain and Huck Finn.   (California: University of California Press, 1960). [5] Mark Twain.   Following the Equator.   England: Dover Publications, 1988. [6] Julia A. Moore.   Mortal Refrains: The Complete Collected Poetry, Prose, and Songs of Julia A. Moore, The Sweet Singer of Michigan.   Thomas J. Riedlinger, Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1998 (5). [7] Mark Twain.   The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, London: W.W. Norton and Company, 1999 (124).   [8] Mark Twain.  Ã‚   "Post-Mortem Poetry", The Complete Humorous Sketches and Tales of Mark Twain, ed. Charles Neider.   New York: Doubleday, 1961 (156). [9] Mark Twain.   The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, London: W.W. Norton and Company, 1999 (295). [10] Mark Twain.   The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, London: W.W. Norton and Company, 1999 (194).   

Copper Cycle Lab Essay

Purpose: During this experiment, we were trying to see whether copper, after a chain of chemical reactions, will revert back to its elemental form. Procedure: First, I added nitric acid with copper in a beaker, which turned into a copper nitrate, a blue-green solution. Afterwards, I added sodium hydroxide, and my solution colored to a dark blue solution called copper hydroxide. I heated the solution to evaporate the water and I got a brownish-blackish solid called copper oxide. Once the solid appeared, I poured in sulfuric acid to it and I got copper sulfate, a bluish solution. The final step I took was to add the element zinc, which turned the solution from blue to clear, with a brown solid in the bottom of the beaker, copper. Observation: During each step, something happened. For instant, for the first step, when I added the acid to the copper, the copper disappeared and the solution turned from the clear acid color to a blue-greenish hue. In the next step, there was another chemical reaction when I added the sodium hydroxide. The whole solution turned blue when I stirred the mixture. When the time came to evaporate the solution, the liquids disappeared, leaving behind a wet, brownish solid in the middle of the beaker. When the solid was hot, it bubbled and popped until it cooled down. When all the liquids evaporated, I scraped off the solid and put it in a separate beaker. Once I put the sulfuric acid in it, the brown solids (copper oxide) slowly dissolved and turned the acid into blue. After the acid was blue, I added the metal/grey colored zinc into the solution; the solution bubbled and the zinc turned the solution clear. The zinc disappeared and in its place, copper appeared. Analysis: For each step, there was a chemical reaction, except for the part where we evaporated the water/liquefied chemicals. For each step, I was turning the copper into a compound. When an acid was added to the copper, it turned the element into a compound. When a base was added later, it merely replaced the acid with the base. Conclusion: For this experiment, I can conclude that an element/matter can never be destroyed or created. The copper cycle is evidence for the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that an element or matter can never be created or destroyed, only changed.

Ophelia “Frailty They Name Is Woman”

Hamlet says, â€Å"Frailty thy name is woman†. Consider this statement in the light of the presentation of Aphelia; Identify key scenes and soliloquies for analysis Discuss various productions/interpretations State your preference of interpretation The word frail meaner when a person or object has the quality of being weak, fragile, weak in health or being morally unstable, also someone who is easily manipulated and influenced by people that surround them, unable to stand on their own. In this essay I plan to look into the character of Aphelia in the play Hamlet by WilliamShakespeare, to see whether she is a frail character and what factors contribute to this. I want to look at particular scenes where Aphelia is involved and ones where she is being described and used in order to see how Aphelia reacts to the other characters in the play, to see if she shows any particular signs of being frail. In act 1 scene 2 Hamlet is referring to his mother describing his feelings on how un acceptable it is that she has moved on so hastily from the man that she seemed to love so dearly. He then says â€Å"Frailty, thy name is woman! He is at the time aiming his comment at his mother and his anger for the new King but he also labels innocent Aphelia under this as well. We have to remember that Aphelia was brought up in a society that is male dominant, the women in Elizabethan times had little control on what was to become of their lives and were closely governed by their fathers and husbands. The women in this period would be expected to obey their husband's orders and father's wishes. It is therefore not surprising that Aphelia isn't given many lines in the play itself but she is a key tool used throughout by; Hamlet,Polonium and Claudia in a bid to out do and catch one another out. I would agree with Jacques Lilac here in his introduction of Aphelia in one of his seminars that began with â€Å"That piece of bait named Aphelia† she is indeed used as bait by tho se closest to her and they don't seem to care if the bait gets snapped up in the process. This meddling and toying with her makes it impossible for her to escape and contributes to her death, this is done by the people close to her whom she looks up to and respects enough to be reliant on them and to also totally trust them with her affairs and problems but they misuse her and manipulate her naivety.From the beginning Aphelia is portrayed to us as a delicate, well spoken, respectful young lady but one who is being instructed and ordered by her brother to uphold the family name by not consenting to sex with Hamlet before marriage, even though she does voice her own opinions on the matter she does seem to obey and follow what her brother is firmly suggesting she does. Although I think here Aphelia shows her true collectedness and wit in that she knows that her brother is likely to be going against these rules himself and therefore being hypocritical.But, good my brother, Do not as som e ungracious pastors do, Show me the steep and thorny way to heaven, Whiles, like a puffed and reckless libertine, himself the primrose path of dalliance treads, and reeks not his own red. † Here she voices her point but in a very dignified way. All she wants is her brother to have a sense of fairness between them and put aside the fact that she is seen as weaker being a woman and is almost voicing a plea for equality. In comparison after this she is then instructed again, now by her forceful, religious father who simply thinks that Hamlet's love for Aphelia is not love t all but that it's Just lust.He thinks he has his daughter's best interest in mind but he doesn't give her much time to think about her feelings or to voice them to him. In act 1 scene 3 Aphelia confides in her father explaining what Hamlet has said to her and also what she believes Hamlet's feelings are towards her. â€Å"And hath given countenance to his speech, my lord, with almost all the holy vows of hea ven. † This shows not only that she trusts Hamlet's love but that she is very open with her father and that she has a great deal of trust in him and doesn't have to hold back or keep secrets from him.She is quite naive in thinking that she can have complete trust in Polonium. He uses this great trust his daughter has in him to his advantage to gain favor with Claudia. Some may say that it is here she is frail in that she does not stand up for what she believes or for her love for Hamlet. She quickly obeys her father's wishes to stop seeing him without thinking about what she truly wants. In reply to Aphelion's feelings and beliefs on Hamlet's love for her, Polonium shows in his tone and language his disregard for his daughter's feelings and level of maturity. â€Å"Think yourself a baby. † off speak like a green girl. â€Å"Ay, fashion you may call it. † Here he is likening her to a baby, maybe meaning she is weak, young and frail and has to depend on others in o rder to survive amongst them. Also he mocks her because he does not believe that Hamlet's love for her is real although she does. He is almost humoring her because he thinks she is a fool for thinking that Hamlet's love is true and is constantly putting her down calling her a green girl because she is not ripe yet and therefore not old enough to see what is really going on. This scene and discussion ends simply with Aphelia saying; l shall obey. She has been brought up not to argue with her father but I agree with David Pennington when he says, â€Å"Aphelion's willingness to let her father interpret for her is very disappointing† because in contrast to her ability to stand up to her brother she has no ability to oppose her father. In act 2 scene 2 Polonium is conversing with Claudia trying to arrange a meeting between Aphelia and Hamlet. â€Å"I'll loose my daughter to him. † Her father talks about her like a piece of bait or a pawn under his complete control, he make s her sound like an animal being let loose like a wild dog, suddenly released.This is her father yet again taking control of her life and happiness when he suggests that they set up a meeting with Hamlet so that Polonium and Claudia get to spy on the situation and hear what Hamlet has to say. It is in this scene that Hamlet now uses Aphelia as a target for his anger, frustration and feelings of hatred for the foul play of Polonium and Claudia. He is blunt and horrible when he voices his anger claiming there was never anything between him and Aphelia; â€Å"l loved you not† â€Å"Marry a fool for wise men know well enough what monsters you make of them. Hamlet is quite cold hearted and harsh in the things he chooses to say to Aphelia. He also directs comments through her such as; â€Å"l say we will have no more marriage. Those that are married already all but one, shall live. † Here Hamlet is threatening Claudia and really trying to scare and intimidate him by suggest ing that he is going to kill him. Aphelion's reaction to this scene with Hamlet and his mockery of her is little and she comes across as quite feeble with little to reply with. â€Å"O help him, you sweet heavens. â€Å"O heavenly powers, restore him. † Instead of replying directly, she is pleading to the heavens and God as if the devil or evil has changed Hamlet and she wishes they could change him back. This could be seen as naivety to think it is not down to Hamlet himself. She shows frailty here; in that she soon looses confidence and also the will to stand up for herself and the love she thought she had with Hamlet. Act 4 scene 7 Aphelion's death is announced by Gertrude in front of Alerter and Claudia.Aphelion's death is described in such a personal, peaceful and elegant way it's a very good cover up for the struggle and madness that is quickly spreading amongst the castle. â€Å"Her clothes spread wide, mermaid like they bore her up†¦ Lulled the poor wretch from her melodious lay to muddy death. † These lines said by Gertrude create a poetic image of Aphelion's supposed accidental death. The description has probably been changed in this way because committing suicide was a sin and the church would have been disgusted at the thought that someone involved with the royal family would do such a thing.Aphelia would not be authorized to have a proper funeral and burial if it was seen to be suicide. Even though parts of the description are lovely and create images and reflections of Aphelia there is still a harsh awakening with the words ‘muddy death' that soon bring o back to the reality of what has happened and now a disturbing factor has been added. You can almost misread the play and not notice she has in fact killed herself, after her suffering she doesn't even get a dramatic exit like all the other deaths in the play and seems instead to sink to her death.This may be because of Aphelion's personality and general aura that a pain ful slow death would not fit with her character and her back story. The description itself makes it seem as if the water did not have to fight to bring her down but that it was actually very easy and with no trudge, portraying that Aphelia is in fact frail in that she could not fight harder and get herself out of the deep, dark hole in her mind that she had retreated into.In the two films I have watched of Hamlet, the portrayal of Aphelia has been different. In Kenneth Branch's version, Aphelia is how I imagine her to be; quite striking, elegant and she also comes across as quite an intelligent young lady played by Kate Winglet. When she talks she doesn't shy away and seem frail, she actually seems to voice her lines quite forcefully when appropriate. However when she turns ad in this film production I think the acting and the overall look of Aphelia is somehow out of place.I think she needs to show her crazy side in a more subdued style of acting and with a slightly more psychotic side to it, this is where Franco Ziegfeld's film for me excels because I think Helena Bonham Carter's take on Aphelia is better and more like I expected it to be as depicted from the original script. Her natural ability to have that â€Å"off the rails† look about her is a major plus, she pulls off the crazy act but in an elegant and purely quite disturbing way. Her overall portrayal f Aphelia however, seems weak and she seems to Just blend further and further into the background.In conclusion I think Aphelion's character is like a child getting caught in between the cross fire and I think that her story is tragic in its own way because of her being kept close but constantly in the background. She gets forgotten about and used by the powerful men in the play. I agree with Barbara Everett when she says that â€Å"Licensor is what was once known as a â€Å"man's world†, one given up to the pursuit of power in a conventional system of rivalries. There is little place for women in such a world, and he women of this tragedy are markedly shadowy and faint†.I think that Aphelia could be seen as sheltered naive and frail. I think it's through no fault of her own however, but rather through the pressures of society, family and her peers. Bibliography http://www. opensourceshakespeare. Org http://Shakespearean. Org. UK/ critical essays on Shakespearean hamlet general editor Jack Bowen written version of one of Jacques Lagan's seminars www. Sparseness. Co. UK Henchman advanced Shakespeare set text http://faculty. Petticoats. Du/?Nichols/aphelia. HTML by Carla Williams